Free «The Institution of the European Unions» Essay Sample

The European Union is a commercial and civil union of 27 member states which are situated in Europe. It is ruled by various institutions, which include the European parliament, the European council, the European commission, and the court of justice of the European Union, the European central bank, and the court of auditors. The European Union ensures that there is free movement of people, goods and services. It also passes legislation in justice and home affairs, and upholds common rules on trade, agricultural, fisheries and regional development. (Grant 2003)

The formation of European Union aims to help citizens in remote places. Its aim is to eradicate poverty in a sustainable way. This is through providing food and clean water to poor people who cannot afford. They also provide educational, health facilities, employment opportunities, land, social services and infrastructure. The union has the aim of eliminating diseases and access people to cheap medicines in order to fight diseases like HIV/AIDS. The European Union policy aims to reduce the obligation burden that redirects limited capital from essential civic savings back to wealthy lenders in industrialized countries. The union also aims to advance self-help and poverty eliminating policies which will enable the upcoming countries to increase the skill of the private and public areas, and strengthen respect for human rights, including gender equality. (Hofmann 2006)

The European Union is an exceptional organization. The countries that make up the European Union remain free sovereign states, but, they share their powers, in order to gain power. These states cannot work on their own thus; they must share their power together. Sharing of powers it is a state where members of state hand over some of their decision making powers to shared bodies they have created. This help in determining the decision in a fairly way at European level. This is in order the decision that are made can represent the concern of all members. There is various institution of European Union. The European council it is the institution that brings together the leaders of administration of every European Union country. It is the body that through these members identifies the general civil direction and importance of the European Union. It also deals with complicated matters that cannot be handled at a lower level of intergovernmental assistance. This body has no right to pass the laws. It members meets after every six months, though its presidents can call for a special meeting if needed at any time. The European council decides by agreement, except in the case where the accords provide otherwise, in some cases it decides the decision by vote of majority. (Law 2011)

The European commission it is made up of the 27 commissioners. The commissioners are from each state that is members of European Union. Each commissioner is allocated duty for specific policy areas by the president. The European commission is the body that represents and supports the benefits of the European Union as a whole. It also the body that supervise and employ European Union rules by; proposing new laws to parliament and the council, managing the European union’s budget and allocating funding, enforcing European union law, representing the European union internationally. The parliament is another institution of the European Union. The number of members of European parliament has is roughly in proportion to its population. There is no country that will have fewer than six or more than 96 members.

The European parliament has the following main roles. It has the right to debate and passé the European laws, with the council members, it has the power to scrutinize other European Union institutions, particularly the commission, in order to make sure that they are working democratically; it also debates and adopts the European Union’s budget with the council. Finally, we have the court of justice institution. This body has one judge per European Union states. There are eight advocates general who assist the judges in the courts, their job is to present ideas on the cases brought before the court. They must do so openly and fairly. There are various cases that are dealt with by the court. These include cases about; direct actions, actions for failure to act and cases concerning actions for failure to fulfill an obligation. (Werts 2008)

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The supremacy of European union law is the rule of by which the laws of European union member states that clash with laws of the European union must be ignored by national courts to that the European union law can take effect. In the case of Costa v ENEL, Mr. Costa was an Italian resident opposed to nationalizing energy. As Mr. Costa had shares in a private corporation included by the nationalized company, ENEL refused to pay his electricity bill. ENEL take this matter to the Italian law courts where he argued that justification interfered with EC law on the state altering the market. The Italian administration believed that this was not matter that could be argued about by an individual, since it was a public decision to make.

The court ruled in favor of the administration that EC law would not be helpful if Mr. Costa could not challenge the public law on the bases of argued understood EC laws (Wunderlich 2011). The constitution of the United Kingdom is a collection of the laws and standards under which the United Kingdom is ruled. The European Union through its institution of parliament changes the charter by amending new acts. The parliament may pass any legislation that it wishes. In the case of Thoburn v Sunderland, The city council held that the European community’s Act 1972, the act made part of a group of unique constitutional figures that were not subject to implied repeal. The Thoburn verdict was handled down only by the divisional court, which occupies a relatively low level in the official system.